![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Non-pharmacological interventions such as distraction have been shown to be powerful aids in reducing pain and anxiety in children with both acute and chronic painful conditions (Sinha et al., 2006). Paediatric oncology nurses play a key role in developmentally appropriate pain assessment, identification of potential pain management strategies, and the administration of pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain treatments (Duffy et al., 2019).ĭrug side effects increase the burden of disease in patients who are already taking multiple drugs thus, developing effective non-pharmacological strategies for managing distress can improve patients’ resilience and ability to cope (Nunns et al., 2018). Failure to apply pain management practices may adversely affect the health outcomes (Loeffen et al., 2020). Children with cancer often think that treatment procedures are more traumatic and painful than cancer itself (Cline et al., 2006). The pain and distress associated with repeated procedures represent a burden for patients and their families (Loeffen et al., 2020). Patients may experience pain or skin damage as a result of frequent dressing changes, which can damage surrounding skin (Gavin et al., 2016). Routine interventions such as dressing removal, cleaning, or dressing application cause procedural pain (Bechert and Abraham, 2009). Children experience both pain and anxiety during medical procedures (Inal and Canbulat, 2015). ![]() Pain is primarily tumour-related in adult cancer patients, whereas pain in children is primarily related to procedures or treatments (Loeffen et al., 2020). Dressings are changed in regular time intervals depending on the type of dressing (e.g., gauze-type dressings) and also when visibly soiled (World Health Organization, 2015). Central venous catheters usually need to be adequately secured, usually with some form of dressing, to prevent dislodging, to avoid infection (e.g., catheter-related bloodstream infections) and to be comfortable for the patient (Ullman et al., 2015). Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Management of central venous catheters (CVCs) in paediatric cancer patients is important as it allows for the safe infusion of chemotherapeutic agents, parenteral nutrition and blood products and minimizes the discomfort of repeated venepuncture procedures (Anttila, 2019).Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions. ![]()
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